Census 2021

Technical characteristics of houses

According to the results of the Census 2021, the most common building materials of houses in the Czech Republic were stone, bricks, blocks and their combinations, which were present in 88.0% of occupied houses with the identified material. The next most commonly used material was wall panels (4.8% of occupied houses), which were particularly prevalent in apartment buildings. According to the 2021 Census, 64.0% of occupied houses with an identified system of sewage disposal already had a connection to the public sewage disposal plant. A cesspit, sump or septic tank was used for sewage disposal by less than a third of occupied houses. More than 70,000 occupied houses in Czechia had their private sewage disposal plant. More than 59 thousand houses were equipped with a lift, which corresponded to only 3.1% of the occupied housing stock with a known lift equipment.

Regional comparisons by materials of the building are strongly influenced by the type of occupied housing stock (family houses versus apartment buildings) and the period of its main construction. The Capital City of Prague occupies a very specific position, with the highest proportion of occupied houses built of wall panels (11.6%) among the regions as of 26 March 2021, and, on the contrary, the relatively lowest proportion of occupied houses made of stone, bricks and blocks (81.4%), wood (0.9%) and unburnt bricks (0.1%). Stone, bricks and blocks were the most widespread material in the Vysočina region (93.4%), while wooden houses were relatively most common in the Liberecký region (4.0%) and occupied houses made of unburnt bricks in Olomoucký region (5.2%).

By a wide margin, the highest proportion of occupied houses with a connection to the sewage disposal system was in the Capital City of Prague (93.4%). At the other end of the ranking were the Moravskoslezský and Liberecký regions, where less than half of occupied houses (where the sewage disposal could be determined) had a connection to the public sewage disposal system. Moravskoslezský region was the only region in Czechia where more occupied houses were equipped with a cesspit or septic tank (47.9%) than to public sewage system (46.4%) in the 2021 Census. Houses in Liberecký region (8.7%) and the Královéhradecký region (7.1%) were relatively more likely to have their private sewage disposal plant. A positive finding is the fact that the proportion of houses with no sewage disposal system in all regions was less than 1% of all occupied houses with an identified sewage disposal system.

The availability of lift facilities in individual regions is closely related to the type of the housing stock. Therefore, the highest number and share of occupied houses equipped with a lift was clearly in the Capital City of Prague (17.5%) with an above-average representation of apartment buildings. According to the 2021 Census, 28.8% of all occupied houses with a lift in Czechia were located there. The Karlovarský region (4.7%) and the Ústecký region (4.6%) also recorded a higher level of lift equipment. By contrast, in Středočeský region, with a significant preva-lence of family houses, only 1.1% of occupied houses (for which it was possible to obtain this data) were equipped with a lift.

The regional comparison according to the number of floors is greatly influenced by the type of occupied housing stock (family houses versus apartment buildings). Therefore, the Capital City of Prague is in an exceptional position due to the above-average representation of apartment buildings, which in 2021 had by far the lowest proportion of one-floor (12.9%) and two-floor (43.6%) houses of all regions, but on the contrary, relatively the highest proportion of houses with three or more floors (43.5%). Occupied houses with two floors were relatively most common in the Liberecký region (63.1%). One-floor houses were most common in the Jihomoravský region with 44.5%, which had the second lowest proportion of two-floor houses (45.5%).

in 1991 and 2001 permanently occupied houses, in 2011 and 2021 usually occupied houses

Czech Republic

Year of Census

Occupied
houses total

by technical facilities

piped gas in
dwelling

of which

piped water in
house

of which

from gas
supply network
from house
(local) gas
reservoir
only from water
supply network
only from
private water
source
both from
supply network
and private
source

1991

1 597 076 390 158 390 158 . 1 528 170 1 076 060 452 110 .

2001

1 630 705 923 209 900 074 23 135 1 594 745 1 252 909 341 836 .

2011

1 800 075 1 088 475 1 060 358 28 117 1 656 010 1 396 497 259 513 .

2021

1 952 668 1 279 446 1 256 726 22 720 1 911 566 1 573 089 208 533 129 944

The share of occupied houses with piped gas ranged between 47.1% in Jihočeský region and 88.5% in the Capital City of Prague. This share reached notably below-average also in Liberecký (50.5%), Královehradecký (54.3%) and Středočeský (55.0%) regions, while the second highest share of occupied houses with piped gas was recorded in Jihomoravský region (84.6%). The share of occupied houses with piped gas from a gas supply network in particular regions was very similar with the highest share again in Prague (88.1%) and the lowest in Jihočeský region (45.4%).

In no region was the share of occupied houses with piped water lower than 99.5%. The share of occupied houses with piped water from a water supply network ranged between 71.2% in Plzeňský region and 95.7% in the Capital City of Prague. The private water source was most frequently used in occupied houses in Plzeňský region (20.6%), on the contrary it was the least often in occupied houses in Prague (0.8%). The most occupied houses with piped water both from a water supply network and from a private water source were located in Středočeský and Olomoucký regions (both 9.7%). On the other hand, this share was the lowest in Karlovarský region (2.7%).

State, Cohesion Region, Region, District, Administrative district of municipality with extended powers, Administrative district of the capital city of Praha, Municipality, City part

 
ULK ZLK VYS STČ PHA PLK PAK OLK MSK LBK HKK KVK JHM JHČ Počet mužů na 100 žen (index maskulinity) 94,0 97,7 99,0
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